Rome and Attila - Nick Holmes

    2024; 281 pages.  Book 3 (out of 3, but eventually 6) in “The Fall of the Roman Empire” series.  Full Title: Rome and Attila: Rome’s Greatest Enemy.  New Author? : No.  Genres : Ancient History; Rome; Non-Fiction.  Overall Rating : 9*/10.

 

    Quick, what person and/or barbarian tribe were most responsible for the collapse of the western Roman empire?

 

    Well, I remember from my college history class a Germanic leader named Alaric, and he and his Visigoths did a brutal sack of Rome.  But that was in 410 CE, and I was taught that Rome fell in 476 C, long after Alaric was dead.  So something doesn’t quite add up.

 

    The guy who deposed the last emperor of Rome in 476 was named Odoacer.  He declared himself king of Italy, and he was a barbarian.  But he was the leader of the pitiful remains of the Roman army when he took over, which is misleading since those Roman legions were mostly made up of Germanic mercenaries.

 

    A case could be made for the Vandals under the leadership of Gaiseric.  They conquered Carthage in 439 CE, cutting off vital grain shipments and tax revenues to Rome.  That was a devastating blow, but Gaiseric never set foot in Rome.

 

    Nick Holmes proposes a different candidate: Attila the Hun, even though he also never set foot in Rome, died in 453 CE, and never claimed the throne.  Let’s see what kind of case can be made for Attila and his Huns.

 

What’s To Like...

    Rome and Attila, Book 3 in a projected 6-volume series, focuses on the short-but-critical historical time period 410-476 CE, although it also recaps the events of 360-410 CE, which were spotlighted in Book 2.  This book is divided into four parts, namely:

    Part 1. The Origin of Our Destruction:  pg. 23, 8 sections

    Part 2. The False Dawn: pg. 68, 8 sections

    Part 3. The Scourge of God: pg. 111, 11 sections

    Part 4. The Last Days of the Empire:  pg. 205, 8 sections

 

    I enjoyed learning about all sorts of movers and shakers in the decline of the Roman Empire.  Attila receives the primary focus; all of Part 3 is devoted to his life and its impact on both halves of the Roman Empire.  A lot of other players are also introduced, including Ataulf, Valentinian III, Aetius, Theodoric, Ricimer, Marjorian, and the already-mentioned trio Alaric, Gaiseric, and Odoacer. A number of influential women are also introduced to the reader, including Galla Placidia, Hypatia, Honoria (see below), Kreka, Aelia Pulcheria, and Aelia Eudocia.  Galla Placidia is a particularly memorable.

 

    I was impressed with the way Nick Holmes juggles the various kingdoms and tribes and their activities and migrations.  The reader has to keep track of Western Roman Emperors, Eastern Roman Emperors, Persians, Huns, White Huns, Visigoths, usurpers, Vandals, and all sorts of Germanic tribes, each carrying out their own agenda.  Yet somehow it never became confusing.

 

    I also liked the way other influences are presented in explaining the Rome’s collapse.  Climate change caused the Huns to pull up stakes and move en masse eastward.  The Huns used mercenaries as well, and therefore were dependent on Roman tribute to keep their position of power.  The Persian Empire was being beset by other Hunnic hordes, so they became keen on maintaining friendly relations with Constantinople.

 

    The occasional “aside” sections were also great.  When Rome fell, what happened to the legionnaires stationed in the hinterlands?  Who were the Huns, where did they come from, and why did they disappear so quickly upon Attila’s death?  How did the lives of ordinary citizens change after law and order collapsed throughout the western Empire?  The interludes addressing these questions were both fascinating and informative.

 

Ratings…
    Amazon:  4.5/5 based on 23 ratings and 0 reviews.

    Goodreads: 4.53/5 based on 17 ratings and 2 reviews.

 

Excerpts...

    [Constantine] and his son, Julian, were taken prisoner and beheaded.  Their heads were then sent to Ravenna where they were put on spears and displayed amid a growing collection of such trophies, including the head of the unfortunate Stilicho.

    With Constantine III and his son, Constans, eliminated, the imperial roll call reduced to four emperors, with the remaining usurpers Maximus in Hispania and Priscus Attalus with Ataulf’s Goths.  But almost immediately there was yet another rebellion in Gaul, this time led by a Gallo-Roman called Jovinus.  In these dark years, usurpers appeared and disappeared a bit like moles in a game of whack-a-mole.  (loc. 833)

 

    Women continued to dominate Roman politics that year for Valentinians III’s sister, Honoria, booked her place in history in a most spectacular and bizarre fashion by appealing to Attila to save her from a marriage arranged by her brother.  He wanted her to marry a Roman senator called Herculanus, whose key attributes were inherited money and a lack of ambition.  Honoria’s response was that he might be called Herculanus, but he did not exactly look like Hercules.  (loc. 1912)

 

Kindle Details…

    Rome and Attila is free for a limited time right now, but normally sells for $3.99, which is the same price as the first two books in the series, The Roman Revolution and The Fall of Rome.  An earlier work of the author, The Byzantine World War is available for just $0.99.

 

He was just as scheming and back-stabbing as any good Roman.  (loc. 1151)

    There are a couple things to quibble about in Rome and Attila, but cussing isn’t one of them.  There is none, nor is there any other R-rated stuff.

 

    The footnotes worked superbly.  For the most part they were used to cite the sources for various quotes used.  There were ten very useful maps, but their links in the text didn’t work.  A  number of the 18 photographs included are positively stunning (such as the Theodosian walls built to defend Constantinople), but I don’t recall any links in the text to them.  Not to fear though, working links to all of these can be found in the front of the book, right after the Table of Contents, and all the photos are grouped together immediately after Chapter 21.

 

    As mentioned earlier, Part 1 covers events already covered in the previous book, often using word-for-word repetition.  I anticipate some reviewers criticizing this “double-dipping” (it encompasses 60 pages or so), but I found it a helpful segue.  Certainly if there’s any appreciable time gap between reading the previous book and this one, Part 1 will put your memory “in sync” again.

 

    I’ve read all three “Fall of the Roman Empire” and have thoroughly enjoyed each one.  I was happy to hear that the projected length of the series has increased from four books to six.  I’m particularly intrigued about what the subject matter of Book 4 will be.  The remnants of the Western Roman Empire falling into a prolonged abyss called the Dark Ages?  The Eastern Roman Empire learning to get along without its European sibling?  Or is the focus equally divided between both halves of the kingdom?  I eagerly await finding out.

 

    9 Stars.  One last quibble, this one concerning the book’s cover.  I normally don’t critique such things in a book review, but take another look at the image above.  Doesn’t it seem like “Rome’s Greatest Enemy” is referring to Nick Holmes?   Once it is seen, it cannot be unseen.